AWS Certified Database - Specialty

• #61

  A Database Specialist needs to speed up any failover that might occur on an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster. The Aurora DB cluster currently includes the primary instance and three Aurora Replicas. How can the Database Specialist ensure that failovers occur with the least amount of downtime for the application?

  • ASet the TCP keepalive parameters low.
  • BCall the AWS CLI failover-db-cluster command.
  • CEnable Enhanced Monitoring on the DB cluster.
  • DStart a database activity stream on the DB cluster.
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• #62

  An online advertising website uses an Amazon DynamoDB table with on-demand capacity mode as its data store. The website also has a DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) cluster in the same VPC as its web application server. The application needs to perform infrequent writes and many strongly consistent reads from the data store by querying the DAX cluster. During a performance audit, a systems administrator notices that the application can look up items by using the DAX cluster. However, the QueryCacheHits metric for the DAX cluster consistently shows 0 while the QueryCacheMisses metric continuously keeps growing in Amazon CloudWatch. What is the MOST likely reason for this occurrence?

  • AA VPC endpoint was not added to access DynamoDB.
  • BStrongly consistent reads are always passed through DAX to DynamoDB.
  • CDynamoDB is scaling due to a burst in traffic, resulting in degraded performance.
  • DA VPC endpoint was not added to access CloudWatch.
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• #63Choose 2

  A company is setting up a new Amazon RDS for SQL Server DB instance. The company wants to enable SQL Server auditing on the database. Which combination of steps should a database specialist take to meet this requirement? (Choose two.)

  • ACreate a service-linked role for Amazon RDS that grants permissions for Amazon RDS to store audit logs on Amazon S3.
  • BSet up a parameter group to configure an IAM role and an Amazon S3 bucket for audit log storage. Associate the parameter group with the DB instance.
  • CDisable Multi-AZ on the DB instance, and then enable auditing. Enable Multi-AZ after auditing is enabled.
  • DDisable automated backup on the DB instance, and then enable auditing. Enable automated backup after auditing is enabled.
  • ESet up an options group to configure an IAM role and an Amazon S3 bucket for audit log storage. Associate the options group with the DB instance.
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• #64

  A large company has a variety of Amazon DB clusters. Each of these clusters has various configurations that adhere to various requirements. Depending on the team and use case, these configurations can be organized into broader categories. A database administrator wants to make the process of storing and modifying these parameters more systematic. The database administrator also wants to ensure that changes to individual categories of configurations are automatically applied to all instances when required. Which AWS service or feature will help automate and achieve this objective?

  • AAWS Systems Manager Parameter Store.
  • BDB parameter group.
  • CAWS Config.
  • DAWS Secrets Manager.
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• #65

  A database specialist was alerted that a production Amazon RDS MariaDB instance with 100 GB of storage was out of space. In response, the database specialist modified the DB instance and added 50 GB of storage capacity. Three hours later, a new alert is generated due to a lack of free space on the same DB instance. The database specialist decides to modify the instance immediately to increase its storage capacity by 20 GB. What will happen when the modification is submitted?

  • AThe request will fail because this storage capacity is too large.
  • BThe request will succeed only if the primary instance is in active status.
  • CThe request will succeed only if CPU utilization is less than 10%.
  • DThe request will fail as the most recent modification was too soon.
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• #66

  A company has an application that uses an Amazon DynamoDB table to store user data. Every morning, a single-threaded process calls the DynamoDB API Scan operation to scan the entire table and generate a critical start-of-day report for management. A successful marketing campaign recently doubled the number of items in the table, and now the process takes too long to run and the report is not generated in time. A database specialist needs to improve the performance of the process. The database specialist notes that, when the process is running, 15% of the table’s provisioned read capacity units (RCUs) are being used. What should the database specialist do?

  • AEnable auto scaling for the DynamoDB table.
  • BUse four threads and parallel DynamoDB API Scan operations.
  • CDouble the table’s provisioned RCUs.
  • DSet the Limit and Offset parameters before every call to the API.
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• #67

  The Amazon CloudWatch metric for FreeLocalStorage on an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB instance shows that the amount of local storage is below 10 MB. A database engineer must increase the local storage available in the Aurora DB instance. How should the database engineer meet this requirement?

  • AModify the DB instance to use an instance class that provides more local SSD storage.
  • BModify the Aurora DB cluster to enable automatic volume resizing.
  • CIncrease the local storage by upgrading the database engine version.
  • DModify the DB instance and configure the required storage volume in the configuration section.
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• #68

  An IT consulting company wants to reduce costs when operating its development environment databases. The company's workflow creates multiple Amazon Aurora MySQL DB clusters for each development group. The Aurora DB clusters are only used for 8 hours a day. The DB clusters can then be deleted at the end of the development cycle, which lasts 2 weeks. Which of the following provides the MOST cost-effective solution?

  • AUse AWS CloudFormation templates. Deploy a stack with the DB cluster for each development group. Delete the stack at the end of the development cycle.
  • BUse the Aurora DB cloning feature. Deploy a single development and test Aurora DB instance, and create clone instances for the development groups. Delete the clones at the end of the development cycle.
  • CUse Aurora Replicas. From the master automatic pause compute capacity option, create replicas for each development group, and promote each replica to master. Delete the replicas at the end of the development cycle.
  • DUse Aurora Serverless. Restore current Aurora snapshot and deploy to a serverless cluster for each development group. Enable the option to pause the compute capacity on the cluster and set an appropriate timeout.
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• #69

  A Database Specialist is migrating an on-premises Microsoft SQL Server application database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL using AWS DMS. The application requires minimal downtime when the RDS DB instance goes live. What change should the Database Specialist make to enable the migration?

  • AConfigure the on-premises application database to act as a source for an AWS DMS full load with ongoing change data capture (CDC).
  • BConfigure the AWS DMS replication instance to allow both full load and ongoing change data capture (CDC).
  • CConfigure the AWS DMS task to generate full logs to allow for ongoing change data capture (CDC).
  • DConfigure the AWS DMS connections to allow two-way communication to allow for ongoing change data capture (CDC).
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• #70

  A company has migrated a single MySQL database to Amazon Aurora. The production data is hosted in a DB cluster in VPC_PROD, and 12 testing environments are hosted in VPC_TEST using the same AWS account. Testing results in minimal changes to the test data. The Development team wants each environment refreshed nightly so each test database contains fresh production data every day. Which migration approach will be the fastest and most cost-effective to implement?

  • ARun the master in Amazon Aurora MySQL. Create 12 clones in VPC_TEST, and script the clones to be deleted and re-created nightly.
  • BRun the master in Amazon Aurora MySQL. Take a nightly snapshot, and restore it into 12 databases in VPC_TEST using Aurora Serverless.
  • CRun the master in Amazon Aurora MySQL. Create 12 Aurora Replicas in VPC_TEST, and script the replicas to be deleted and re-created nightly.
  • DRun the master in Amazon Aurora MySQL using Aurora Serverless. Create 12 clones in VPC_TEST, and script the clones to be deleted and re-created nightly.
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• #71

  A ride-hailing application uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance as persistent storage for bookings. This application is very popular and the company expects a tenfold increase in the user base in next few months. The application experiences more traffic during the morning and evening hours. This application has two parts: An in-house booking component that accepts online bookings that directly correspond to simultaneous requests from users. A third-party customer relationship management (CRM) component used by customer care representatives. The CRM uses queries to access booking data. A database specialist needs to design a cost-effective database solution to handle this workload. Which solution meets these requirements?

  • AUse Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to accept the bookings. Associate an AWS Lambda function to capture changes and push the booking data to the RDS for MySQL DB instance used by the CRM.
  • BUse Amazon DynamoDB to accept the bookings. Enable DynamoDB Streams and associate an AWS Lambda function to capture changes and push the booking data to an Amazon SQS queue. This triggers another Lambda function thatpulls data from Amazon SQS and writes it to the RDS for MySQL DB instance used by the CRM.
  • CUse Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to accept the bookings. Associate an AWS Lambda function to capture changes and push the booking data to an Amazon Redshift database used by the CRM.
  • DUse Amazon DynamoDB to accept the bookings. Enable DynamoDB Streams and associate an AWS Lambda function to capture changes and push the booking data to Amazon Athena, which is used by the CRM.
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• #72

  A gaming company wants to deploy a game in multiple Regions. The company plans to save local high scores in Amazon DynamoDB tables in each Region. A Database Specialist needs to design a solution to automate the deployment of the database with identical configurations in additional Regions, as needed. The solution should also automate configuration changes across all Regions. Which solution would meet these requirements and deploy the DynamoDB tables?

  • ACreate an AWS CLI command to deploy the DynamoDB table to all the Regions and save it for future deployments.
  • BCreate an AWS CloudFormation template and deploy the template to all the Regions.
  • CCreate an AWS CloudFormation template and use a stack set to deploy the template to all the Regions.
  • DCreate DynamoDB tables using the AWS Management Console in all the Regions and create a step-by- step guide for future deployments.
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• #73

  A Database Specialist modified an existing parameter group currently associated with a production Amazon RDS for SQL Server Multi-AZ DB instance. The change is associated with a static parameter type, which controls the number of user connections allowed on the most critical RDS SQL Server DB instance for the company. This change has been approved for a specific maintenance window to help minimize the impact on users. How should the Database Specialist apply the parameter group change for the DB instance?

  • ASelect the option to apply the change immediately.
  • BAllow the preconfigured RDS maintenance window for the given DB instance to control when the change is applied.
  • CApply the change manually by rebooting the DB instance during the approved maintenance window.
  • DReboot the secondary Multi-AZ DB instance.
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• #74

  After restoring an Amazon RDS snapshot from 3 days ago, a company's Development team cannot connect to the restored RDS DB instance. What is the likely cause of this problem?

  • AThe restored DB instance does not have Enhanced Monitoring enabled.
  • BThe production DB instance is using a custom parameter group.
  • CThe restored DB instance is using the default security group.
  • DThe production DB instance is using a custom option group.
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• #75

  A company has a heterogeneous six-node production Amazon Aurora DB cluster that handles online transaction processing (OLTP) for the core business and OLAP reports for the human resources department. To match compute resources to the use case, the company has decided to have the reporting workload for the human resources department be directed to two small nodes in the Aurora DB cluster, while every other workload goes to four large nodes in the same DB cluster. Which option would ensure that the correct nodes are always available for the appropriate workload while meeting these requirements?

  • AUse the writer endpoint for OLTP and the reader endpoint for the OLAP reporting workload.
  • BUse automatic scaling for the Aurora Replica to have the appropriate number of replicas for the desired workload.
  • CCreate additional readers to cater to the different scenarios.
  • DUse custom endpoints to satisfy the different workloads.
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• #76

  A company is running a finance application on an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The application is governed by multiple financial regulatory agencies. The RDS DB instance is set up with security groups to allow access to certain Amazon EC2 servers only. AWS KMS is used for encryption at rest. Which step will provide additional security?

  • ASet up NACLs that allow the entire EC2 subnet to access the DB instance.
  • BDisable the master user account.
  • CSet up a security group that blocks SSH to the DB instance.
  • DSet up RDS to use SSL for data in transit.
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• #77

  A company is developing a new web application. An AWS CloudFormation template was created as a part of the build process. Recently, a change was made to an AWS::RDS::DBInstance resource in the template. The CharacterSetName property was changed to allow the application to process international text. A change set was generated using the new template, which indicated that the existing DB instance should be replaced during an upgrade. What should a database specialist do to prevent data loss during the stack upgrade?

  • ACreate a snapshot of the DB instance. Modify the template to add the DBSnapshotIdentifier property with the ID of the DB snapshot. Update the stack.
  • BModify the stack policy using the aws cloudformation update-stack command and the set-stack-policy command, then make the DB resource protected.
  • CCreate a snapshot of the DB instance. Update the stack. Restore the database to a new instance.
  • DDeactivate any applications that are using the DB instance. Create a snapshot of the DB instance. Modify the template to add the DBSnapshotIdentifier property with the ID of the DB snapshot. Update the stack and reactivate theapplications.
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• #78

  A large ecommerce company uses Amazon DynamoDB to handle the transactions on its web portal. Traffic patterns throughout the year are usually stable; however, a large event is planned. The company knows that traffic will increase by up to 10 times the normal load over the 3-day event. When sale prices are published during the event, traffic will spike rapidly. How should a Database Specialist ensure DynamoDB can handle the increased traffic?

  • AEnsure the table is always provisioned to meet peak needs.
  • BAllow burst capacity to handle the additional load.
  • CSet an AWS Application Auto Scaling policy for the table to handle the increase in traffic.
  • DPreprovision additional capacity for the known peaks and then reduce the capacity after the event.
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• #79

  A database specialist is creating an AWS CloudFormation stack. The database specialist wants to prevent accidental deletion of an Amazon RDS ProductionDatabase resource in the stack. Which solution will meet this requirement?

  • ACreate a stack policy to prevent updates. Include 'Effect' : 'ProductionDatabase' and 'Resource' : 'Deny' in the policy.
  • BCreate an AWS CloudFormation stack in XML format. Set xAttribute as false.
  • CCreate an RDS DB instance without the DeletionPolicy attribute. Disable termination protection.
  • DCreate a stack policy to prevent updates. Include 'Effect' : 'Deny' and 'Resource' : 'ProductionDatabase' in the policy.
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• #80

  A company developed an AWS CloudFormation template used to create all new Amazon DynamoDB tables in its AWS account. The template configures provisioned throughput capacity using hard-coded values. The company wants to change the template so that the tables it creates in the future have independently configurable read and write capacity units assigned. Which solution will enable this change?

  • AAdd values for the rcuCount and wcuCount parameters to the Mappings section of the template. Configure DynamoDB to provision throughput capacity using the stack's mappings.
  • BAdd values for two Number parameters, rcuCount and wcuCount, to the template. Replace the hard-coded values with calls to the Ref intrinsic function, referencing the new parameters.
  • CAdd values for the rcuCount and wcuCount parameters as outputs of the template. Configure DynamoDB to provision throughput capacity using the stack outputs.
  • DAdd values for the rcuCount and wcuCount parameters to the Mappings section of the template. Replace the hard-coded values with calls to the Ref intrinsic function, referencing the new parameters.
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