AWS Certified Database - Specialty

• #121

  A company is using an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance for its internal applications. A security audit shows that the DB instance is not encrypted at rest. The company’s application team needs to encrypt the DB instance. What should the team do to meet this requirement?

  • AStop the DB instance and modify it to enable encryption. Apply this setting immediately without waiting for the next scheduled RDS maintenance window.
  • BStop the DB instance and create an encrypted snapshot. Restore the encrypted snapshot to a new encrypted DB instance. Delete the original DB instance, and update the applications to point to the new encrypted DB instance.
  • CStop the DB instance and create a snapshot. Copy the snapshot into another encrypted snapshot. Restore the encrypted snapshot to a new encrypted DB instance. Delete the original DB instance, and update the applications to point to thenew encrypted DB instance.
  • DCreate an encrypted read replica of the DB instance. Promote the read replica to master. Delete the original DB instance, and update the applications to point to the new encrypted DB instance.
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• #122

  A company is going through a security audit. The audit team has identified cleartext master user password in the AWS CloudFormation templates for Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instances. The audit team has flagged this as a security risk to the database team. What should a database specialist do to mitigate this risk?

  • AChange all the databases to use AWS IAM for authentication and remove all the cleartext passwords in CloudFormation templates.
  • BUse an AWS Secrets Manager resource to generate a random password and reference the secret in the CloudFormation template.
  • CRemove the passwords from the CloudFormation templates so Amazon RDS prompts for the password when the database is being created.
  • DRemove the passwords from the CloudFormation template and store them in a separate file. Replace the passwords by running CloudFormation using a sed command.
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• #123Choose 2

  A company has a web-based survey application that uses Amazon DynamoDB. During peak usage, when survey responses are being collected, a Database Specialist sees the ProvisionedThroughputExceededException error. What can the Database Specialist do to resolve this error? (Choose two.)

  • AChange the table to use Amazon DynamoDB Streams.
  • BPurchase DynamoDB reserved capacity in the affected Region.
  • CIncrease the write capacity units for the specific table.
  • DChange the table capacity mode to on-demand.
  • EChange the table type to throughput optimized.
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• #124

  A database specialist at a large multi-national financial company is in charge of designing the disaster recovery strategy for a highly available application that is in development. The application uses an Amazon DynamoDB table as its data store. The application requires a recovery time objective (RTO) of 1 minute and a recovery point objective (RPO) of 2 minutes. Which operationally efficient disaster recovery strategy should the database specialist recommend for the DynamoDB table?

  • ACreate a DynamoDB stream that is processed by an AWS Lambda function that copies the data to a DynamoDB table in another Region.
  • BUse a DynamoDB global table replica in another Region. Enable point-in-time recovery for both tables.
  • CUse a DynamoDB Accelerator table in another Region. Enable point-in-time recovery for the table.
  • DCreate an AWS Backup plan and assign the DynamoDB table as a resource.
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• #125

  A database specialist is managing an application in the us-west-1 Region and wants to set up disaster recovery in the us-east-1 Region. The Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster needs an RPO of 1 minute and an RTO of 2 minutes. Which approach meets these requirements with no negative performance impact?

  • AEnable synchronous replication.
  • BEnable asynchronous binlog replication.
  • CCreate an Aurora Global Database.
  • DCopy Aurora incremental snapshots to the us-east-1 Region.
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• #126

  A Database Specialist is setting up a new Amazon Aurora DB cluster with one primary instance and three Aurora Replicas for a highly intensive, business-critical application. The Aurora DB cluster has one medium- sized primary instance, one large-sized replica, and two medium sized replicas. The Database Specialist did not assign a promotion tier to the replicas. In the event of a primary failure, what will occur?

  • AAurora will promote an Aurora Replica that is of the same size as the primary instance.
  • BAurora will promote an arbitrary Aurora Replica.
  • CAurora will promote the largest-sized Aurora Replica.
  • DAurora will not promote an Aurora Replica.
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• #127

  A development team at an international gaming company is experimenting with Amazon DynamoDB to store in-game events for three mobile games. The most popular game hosts a maximum of 500,000 concurrent users, and the least popular game hosts a maximum of 10,000 concurrent users. The average size of an event is 20 KB, and the average user session produces one event each second. Each event is tagged with a time in milliseconds and a globally unique identifier. The lead developer created a single DynamoDB table for the events with the following schema: Partition key: game name. Sort key: event identifier. Local secondary index: player identifier. Event time The tests were successful in a small-scale development environment. However, when deployed to production, new events stopped being added to the table and the logs show DynamoDB failures with the ItemCollectionSizeLimitExceededException error code. Which design change should a database specialist recommend to the development team?

  • AUse the player identifier as the partition key. Use the event time as the sort key. Add a global secondary index with the game name as the partition key and the event time as the sort key.
  • BCreate two tables. Use the game name as the partition key in both tables. Use the event time as the sort key for the first table. Use the player identifier as the sort key for the second table.
  • CReplace the sort key with a compound value consisting of the player identifier collated with the event time, separated by a dash. Add a local secondary index with the player identifier as the sort key.
  • DCreate one table for each game. Use the player identifier as the partition key. Use the event time as the sort key.
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• #128

  A company is migrating an IBM Informix database to a Multi-AZ deployment of Amazon RDS for SQL Server with Always On Availability Groups (AGs). SQL Server Agent jobs on the Always On AG listener run at 5-minute intervals to synchronize data between the Informix database and the SQL Server database. Users experience hours of stale data after a successful failover to the secondary node with minimal latency. What should a database specialist do to ensure that users see recent data after a failover?

  • ASet TTL to less than 30 seconds for cached DNS values on the Always On AG listener.
  • BBreak up large transactions into multiple smaller transactions that complete in less than 5 minutes.
  • CSet the databases on the secondary node to read-only mode.
  • DCreate the SQL Server Agent jobs on the secondary node from a script when the secondary node takes over after a failure.
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• #129

  An online gaming company is planning to launch a new game with Amazon DynamoDB as its data store. The database should be designated to support the following use cases: Update scores in real time whenever a player is playing the game. Retrieve a player's score details for a specific game session. A Database Specialist decides to implement a DynamoDB table. Each player has a unique user_id and each game has a unique game_id. Which choice of keys is recommended for the DynamoDB table?

  • ACreate a global secondary index with game_id as the partition key.
  • BCreate a global secondary index with user_id as the partition key.
  • CCreate a composite primary key with game_id as the partition key and user_id as the sort key.
  • DCreate a composite primary key with user_id as the partition key and game_id as the sort key.
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• #130

  A company is closing one of its remote data centers. This site runs a 100 TB on-premises data warehouse solution. The company plans to use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) and AWS DMS for the migration to AWS. The site network bandwidth is 500 Mbps. A Database Specialist wants to migrate the on- premises data using Amazon S3 as the data lake and Amazon Redshift as the data warehouse. This move must take place during a 2-week period when source systems are shut down for maintenance. The data should stay encrypted at rest and in transit. Which approach has the least risk and the highest likelihood of a successful data transfer?

  • ASet up a VPN tunnel for encrypting data over the network from the data center to AWS. Leverage AWS SCT and apply the converted schema to Amazon Redshift. Once complete, start an AWS DMS task to move the data from the source to Amazon S3. Use AWS Glue to load the data from Amazon S3 to Amazon Redshift.
  • BLeverage AWS SCT and apply the converted schema to Amazon Redshift. Start an AWS DMS task with two AWS Snowball Edge devices to copy data from on-premises to Amazon S3 with AWS KMS encryption. Use AWS DMS to finish copying data to Amazon Redshift.
  • CLeverage AWS SCT and apply the converted schema to Amazon Redshift. Once complete, use a fleet of 10 TB dedicated encrypted drives using the AWS Import/Export feature to copy data from on-premises to Amazon S3 with AWS KMS encryption. Use AWS Glue to load the data to Amazon redshift.
  • DSet up a VPN tunnel for encrypting data over the network from the data center to AWS. Leverage a native database export feature to export the data and compress the files. Use the aws S3 cp multi-port upload command to upload these files to Amazon S3 with AWS KMS encryption. Once complete, load the data to Amazon Redshift using AWS Glue.
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• #131Choose 3

  A company is migrating its on-premises database workloads to the AWS Cloud. A database specialist performing the move has chosen AWS DMS to migrate an Oracle database with a large table to Amazon RDS. The database specialist notices that AWS DMS is taking significant time to migrate the data. Which actions would improve the data migration speed? (Choose three.)

  • ACreate multiple AWS DMS tasks to migrate the large table.
  • BConfigure the AWS DMS replication instance with Multi-AZ.
  • CIncrease the capacity of the AWS DMS replication server.
  • DEstablish an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises data center and AWS.
  • EEnable an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ configuration.
  • FEnable full large binary object (LOB) mode to migrate all LOB data for all large tables.
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• #132

  A company has an on-premises SQL Server database. The users access the database using Active Directory authentication. The company successfully migrated its database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. However, the company is concerned about user authentication in the AWS Cloud environment. Which solution should a database specialist provide for the user to authenticate?

  • ADeploy Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) on premises and configure it with an on-premises Active Directory. Set up delegation between the on- premises AD FS and AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) to map user identities to a role using theAmazonRDSDirectoryServiceAccess managed IAM policy.
  • BEstablish a forest trust between the on-premises Active Directory and AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory. Use AWS SSO to configure an Active Directory user delegated to access the databases in RDS for SQL Server.
  • CUse Active Directory Connector to redirect directory requests to the company's on-premises Active Directory without caching any information in the cloud. Use the RDS master user credentials to connect to the DB instance and configure SQL Server logins and users from the Active Directory users and groups.
  • DEstablish a forest trust between the on-premises Active Directory and AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory. Ensure RDS for SQL Server is using mixed mode authentication. Use the RDS master user credentials to connect to the DB instance and configure SQL Server logins and users from the Active Directory users and groups.
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• #133

  A company wants to migrate its Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Edition database instance from on-premises to AWS. A deep review is performed and the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) provides options for running this workload on Amazon RDS for SQL Server Enterprise Edition, Amazon RDS for SQL Server Standard Edition, Amazon Aurora MySQL, and Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The company does not want to use its own SQL server license and does not want to change from Microsoft SQL Server What is the MOST cost-effective and operationally efficient solution?

  • ARun SQL Server Enterprise Edition on Amazon EC2.
  • BRun SQL Server Standard Edition on Amazon RDS.
  • CRun SQL Server Enterprise Edition on Amazon RDS.
  • DRun Amazon Aurora MySQL leveraging SQL Server on Linux compatibility libraries.
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• #134

  A company is due for renewing its database license. The company wants to migrate its 80 TB transactional database system from on-premises to the AWS Cloud. The migration should incur the least possible downtime on the downstream database applications. The company's network infrastructure has limited network bandwidth that is shared with other applications. Which solution should a database specialist use for a timely migration?

  • APerform a full backup of the source database to AWS Snowball Edge appliances and ship them to be loaded to Amazon S3. Use AWS DMS to migrate change data capture (CDC) data from the source database to Amazon S3. Use a second AWS DMS task to migrate all the S3 data to the target database.
  • BPerform a full backup of the source database to AWS Snowball Edge appliances and ship them to be loaded to Amazon S3. Periodically perform incremental backups of the source database to be shipped in another Snowball Edge appliance to handle syncing change data capture (CDC) data from the source to the target database.
  • CUse AWS DMS to migrate the full load of the source database over a VPN tunnel using the internet for its primary connection. Allow AWS DMS to handle syncing change data capture (CDC) data from the source to the target database.
  • DUse the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to migrate the full load of the source database over a VPN tunnel using the internet for its primary connection. Allow AWS SCT to handle syncing change data capture (CDC) data from the source to the target database.
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• #135

  A company is using 5 TB Amazon RDS DB instances and needs to maintain 5 years of monthly database backups for compliance purposes. A Database Administrator must provide Auditors with data within 24 hours. Which solution will meet these requirements and is the MOST operationally efficient?

  • ACreate an AWS Lambda function to run on the first day of every month to take a manual RDS snapshot. Move the snapshot to the company's Amazon S3 bucket.
  • BCreate an AWS Lambda function to run on the first day of every month to take a manual RDS snapshot.
  • CCreate an RDS snapshot schedule from the AWS Management Console to take a snapshot every 30 days.
  • DCreate an AWS Lambda function to run on the first day of every month to create an automated RDS snapshot.
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• #136

  A finance company needs to make sure that its MySQL database backups are available for the most recent 90 days. All of the MySQL databases are hosted on Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instances. A database specialist must implement a solution that meets the backup retention requirement with the least possible development effort. Which approach should the database specialist take?

  • AUse AWS Backup to build a backup plan for the required retention period. Assign the DB instances to the backup plan.
  • BModify the DB instances to enable the automated backup option. Select the required backup retention period.
  • CAutomate a daily cron job on an Amazon EC2 instance to create MySQL dumps, transfer to Amazon S3, and implement an S3 Lifecycle policy to meet the retention requirement.
  • DUse AWS Lambda to schedule a daily manual snapshot of the DB instances. Delete snapshots that exceed the retention requirement.
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• #137

  A database specialist has a fleet of Amazon RDS DB instances that use the default DB parameter group. The database specialist needs to associate a custom parameter group with some of the DB instances. After the database specialist makes this change, when will the instances be assigned to this new parameter group?

  • AInstantaneously after the change is made to the parameter group.
  • BIn the next scheduled maintenance window of the DB instances.
  • CAfter the DB instances are manually rebooted.
  • DWithin 24 hours after the change is made to the parameter group.
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• #138

  A company is building a new web platform where user requests trigger an AWS Lambda function that performs an insert into an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster. Initial tests with less than 10 users on the new platform yielded successful execution and fast response times. However, upon more extensive tests with the actual target of 3,000 concurrent users, Lambda functions are unable to connect to the DB cluster and receive too many connections errors. Which of the following will resolve this issue?

  • AEdit the my.cnf file for the DB cluster to increase max_connections.
  • BIncrease the instance size of the DB cluster.
  • CChange the DB cluster to Multi-AZ.
  • DIncrease the number of Aurora Replicas.
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• #139Choose 2

  A company is migrating a mission-critical 2-TB Oracle database from on premises to Amazon Aurora. The cost for the database migration must be kept to a minimum, and both the on-premises Oracle database and the Aurora DB cluster must remain open for write traffic until the company is ready to completely cut over to Aurora. Which combination of actions should a database specialist take to accomplish this migration as quickly as possible? (Choose two.)

  • AUse the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to convert the source database schema. Then restore the converted schema to the target Aurora DB cluster.
  • BUse Oracle’s Data Pump tool to export a copy of the source database schema and manually edit the schema in a text editor to make it compatible with Aurora.
  • CCreate an AWS DMS task to migrate data from the Oracle database to the Aurora DB cluster. Select the migration type to replicate ongoing changes to keep the source and target databases in sync until the company is ready to move alluser traffic to the Aurora DB cluster.
  • DCreate an AWS DMS task to migrate data from the Oracle database to the Aurora DB cluster. Once the initial load is complete, create an AWS Kinesis Data Firehose stream to perform change data capture (CDC) until the company isready to move all user traffic to the Aurora DB cluster.
  • ECreate an AWS Glue job and related resources to migrate data from the Oracle database to the Aurora DB cluster. Once the initial load is complete, create an AWS DMS task to perform change data capture (CDC) until the company isready to move all user traffic to the Aurora DB cluster.
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• #140

  A company runs online transaction processing (OLTP) workloads on an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL Multi- AZ DB instance. Tests were run on the database after work hours, which generated additional database logs. The free storage of the RDS DB instance is low due to these additional logs. What should the company do to address this space constraint issue?

  • ALog in to the host and run the rm $PGDATA/pg_logs/ command.
  • BModify the rds.log_retention_period parameter to 1440 and wait up to 24 hours for database logs to be deleted.
  • CCreate a ticket with AWS Support to have the logs deleted.
  • DRun the SELECT rds_rotate_error_log() stored procedure to rotate the logs.
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