SAP MM इंटरव्यू प्रश्न

Every organization acquires material or services to complete its business needs. The process of buying materials and obtaining services from vendors or dealers is procurement.

Scheduling agreement is a long term outline agreement between vendor and ordering party over a predefined material or service which are procured on predetermined dates over a framework of time.

Outline agreement is a long term purchasing agreement with vendor containing terms and conditions regarding the material that is supplied by vendor.

Outline agreement are valid up to certain period of time and cover a certain predefined quantity or value.

• Restricted Stock
• Unrestricted Stock
• Quality Inspection Stock
• Blocked Stock
• GR Blocked Stock

• Activities Define the requirements Determine sources Select vendors Process orders Follow up with vendors/suppliers Receive goods Manage inventory Verify invoices Support invoice verification Payment processing
• Components Purchasing Inventory management Material master Valuation and account determination Invoice verification MRP

Material type in SAP system is used to group various materials based on some common properties.

Internal document, it is the phase in which purchasing department is informed about the requirement of items or services required for business purpose.

The types of special stock available are subcontracting, consignment, project, pipeline, sales order, stock transfer, returnable packaging with customer, etc.

Path to post Goods Receipt −

Logistics ⇒ Materials Management ⇒ Inventory management ⇒ Goods movement ⇒ Goods movement

T-Code: MIGO

• Purchase requisition > EKBN
• Purchase requisition account assignment > EBKN
• Release documentation > EKAB
• History of purchase documents > EKBE

Consignment Stocks

Material that is available at our store premises, however it still belongs to the vendor (seller)/Owner of the material. If you utilize the material from consignment stocks, then you have to pay to the vendor.

Contract is a long term outline agreement between vendor and ordering party over predefined material or services over certain framework of time. There are two types of contract −

Quantity Contract −

In this type of contract overall value is specified in terms of total quantity of material to be supplied by vendor.

Value Contract −

In this type of contract overall value is specified in terms of total amount to be paid for that material to the vendor.

Request for quotation is a form of invitation that is sent to vendors to submit quotation indicating pricing and their terms and conditions.

RFQ contains details about goods or services, quantity, date of delivery and date of bid on which it is to be submitted.

External procurement − It is the process of procuring goods or services from external vendors. There are 3 basic forms of external procurement generally supported by the Purchasing component of IT system.

One time orders are generally used for material and services that are ordered irregularly.

Longer-term contracts with the subsequent issue of release orders - For materials that are being ordered regularly and in large quantities, we can negotiate deal with the vendor (seller) for pricing or conditions & record then in a contract. In a contract you also specify the validity date.

Longer-term scheduling agreements and delivery schedules - If a material is ordered on an everyday basis and is to be delivered according to an exact time schedule, then you set up a scheduling agreement.

In SAP system, you use Document Type to define different methods or procedures for a transaction.

• Invoice verification marks the end of procurement after purchase order and goods receipt.
• Invoice posting will update all related documents in financial and accounting.
• Blocked invoice that vary from actual invoice can be processed through invoice verification.

Invoice verification marks the end of procurement after purchase order and goods receipt.

Invoice posting will update all related documents in financial and accounting.

Blocked invoice that vary from actual invoice can be processed through invoice verification.

The critical fields in purchasing view are

• Base unit of measure
• Order unit
• Purchasing group
• Material group
• Valid from
• Tax indicator for material
• Manufacturer part number
• Manufacturer, etc.

A purchase order is a formal document issued to a vendor for the procurement of materials or services.

This will include the names of all essential materials and their receiving plants. The purchase details would include the company code, the vendor’s name, and the delivery date of the materials.

Material master contains information related to different material types like finished product, raw material. Material master can be used for identifying a product, purchase material, goods issue or good receipt, MRP and production confirmation.

For Material master data, use T-code: MM01 or go to Logistics → Production → Master Data → Material Master → Material → Create (General) → immediately

A reservation is the advance blocking of stock to ensure its availability later. It ensures that the stock is available and can be used as required.